Design of intelligent electrical appliances

Abstract: The design information of intelligent electrical appliances is provided by excellent flowmeter and flowmeter production and quotation manufacturers. 0 Introduction Switching appliances play an important role in control and protection in power systems. With the continuous improvement of the automation level of the power system, the switchgear is required to be adapted and matched with the development of the comprehensive automation of the substation and the distribution automation. So, since the 20th century. For more flowmeter manufacturers to select models and price quotations, you are welcome to inquire. The following are the details of the design articles of intelligent electrical appliances. 0 Introduction Switching appliances play an important role in control and protection in power systems. With the continuous improvement of the automation level of the power system, the switchgear is required to be adapted and matched with the development of the comprehensive automation of the substation and the distribution automation. As a result, since the 1990s, intelligent electrical appliances have emerged [1,2]. Intelligent electrical appliances are a new generation of switching appliances developed by introducing computer technology, digital processing technology and network communication technology into traditional switching equipment. In intelligent electrical appliances, microcomputer measurement, protection and control are realized, and the secondary system of traditional switchgear is partially or completely replaced; the network communication function is introduced to realize information exchange and information sharing between electrical appliances and between electrical appliances and power automation systems; Using modern sensor technology to monitor the operating status of switching appliances online. At present, whether it is high-voltage electrical appliances or low-voltage electrical appliances, electrical components or complete switchgear, they are all developing towards intelligence. series products, and began to be applied in power supply and distribution systems. Based on the experience of research and development of intelligent switchgear in recent years, the author of this paper discusses the function and realization method of intelligent electrical appliances, and introduces the design scheme of hardware and software. 1 Functional requirements and realization of intelligent electrical appliances Intelligent electrical appliances are to install an intelligent unit with a single-chip microcomputer as the core on the body of a traditional switching appliance. This unit integrates measurement, protection, control, communication and online monitoring of the state of the appliance itself. Since the intelligent unit is installed in a small space in the switchgear body or on the instrument door of the switchgear, the volume is required to be relatively small. The operating environment is under the conditions of strong electromagnetic interference and strong vibration, and the reliability requirements are very high. a. Measurement. The intelligent electrical appliances should have the functions of measuring and measuring the electric energy, and can be displayed through the LCD, completely replacing the traditional measuring and measuring instruments. It is generally implemented with a single-chip microcomputer. b. Protect. Replace traditional relay protection with microcomputer protection. c. Operation control. From the perspective of safety, reliability, operating habits and cost, in intelligent electrical appliances, the existing operation control circuit should be used to open and close the circuit breaker, and it is not appropriate to use the keyboard button to replace the existing operation control switch. . With the in-depth research of intelligent electrical appliances, some foreign companies have used intelligent control technology in some low-voltage electrical appliances to improve the on-off performance of electrical appliances [1]. d. Online monitoring [2, 3]. There are many condition monitoring items for high and medium voltage electrical appliances, such as mechanical properties, temperature, condensation, electrical insulation properties, etc., which can be realized by selecting appropriate sensors (such as digital temperature sensors). On-line monitoring of mechanical properties of switchgear is difficult to achieve, and a large number of sensors are used. In fact, for ordinary switchgear, on the one hand, the probability of mechanical and insulation failures is small, the difficulty and cost are high, and the actual effect is not ideal. The author believes that it is not necessary to consider the online monitoring function in this regard. However, special electrical appliances such as pre-installed substations and C-GIS are more likely to cause insulation failures due to condensation, excessive temperature, and internal arc faults during operation, and corresponding monitoring and suppression devices should be equipped. For ordinary medium-voltage switchgear, the following items can be considered in the condition monitoring: ① The number of circuit breaker operations is counted to monitor whether the circuit breaker has reached the specified mechanical life times or the number of maintenance needs to be performed; ② The breaking current weighted value, indirect monitoring Electrical wear of the circuit breaker contacts; ③ temperature at the busbar connection. The first two items can only be done according to the current sampling value and software processing. e. communication. The communication function of intelligent electrical appliances is used for bidirectional information transmission between electrical appliances and substation automation system or system machine in substation microcomputer monitoring system or RTU equipment in distribution automation system, and intelligent electrical appliances transmit controlled information to system machine or RTU equipment. The operating parameters of the object, the protection setting value, the fault information and the state information of the electrical appliance itself, the system machine sends operation instructions to the intelligent electrical appliance to change and adjust the setting value. The communication function can be realized by using the serial communication interface of the microcontroller. If the power automation system uses fieldbus,Then intelligent electrical appliances should also use field bus technology accordingly. 2 Hardware structure and working principle The intelligent unit of intelligent electrical appliances is composed of functional circuits such as single-chip microcomputer system, analog input, switch input/output, serial communication interface, hardware clock and self-reset, man-machine dialogue and power supply.

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